How to Run Ubuntu Bash on latest Windows 10 Insider Preview Build 14316

This feature isn’t out yet, but it’s on its way. It will be part of the stable version of Windows when Windows 10’s Anniversary Update is released this summer. Until then, you’ll need to be on the Insider Preview track to get the latest unstable version of Windows 10 “Redstone.”

An Ubuntu 14.04 LTS-based Bash application will shortly be added to the Windows Store, followed by a Ubuntu 16.04 LTS-based application once Ubuntu 16.04 LTS launches on April 21.

This new Bash Shell support features a full Ubuntu user space complete with support for tools including ssh, apt, rsync, find, grep, awk, sed, sort, xargs, md5sum, gpg, curl, wget, apache, mysql, python, perl, ruby, php, vim, emacs and more. 

However, you do not have to wait until this summer to run Bash (Bourne Again Shell) on your Windows 10 OS, as Microsoft has released the first preview build of the Windows 10 Anniversary Update to the members of its Insider program.

How to Run Ubuntu native Bash on Ubuntu on Windows 

Step 1: Enroll in the Windows Insider program and Select "Advanced Windows Update options" under "System Settings." 

Step 2: Set your update ambition to "the fast ring". 

Step 3: Now turn ON "Developer Mode" via Settings → Update & security → For developers, as this new feature is specifically meant for developers.

Step 4: You now need to check for new updates (Insider Preview Build 14316), apply all updates, and then Restart your system.

 Step 5: Turn ON the new Windows feature (where you enable also Telnet), "Windows Subsystem for Linux (Beta)".

 Note: You need a 64-bit version of Windows. Without it, you won't see the new option.

Step 6: Reboot your system.
Step 7: Now Press the Start button and type 'Bash' or simply open Command Prompt and type 'bash.'  This will launch a console window powered by Ubuntu's user-space.

 Open it and proceed to windows store download 

Other new features in Build 14316 include improvements to the Microsoft Edge browser, new Skype Universal Windows Platform app, support for new emoji, and a new toggle that lets you switch between light and dark mode themes for Windows Settings, clock, calculator, and other apps. 

I try to install Linux tool  here...

Only mdk3 is not install  -_-  wget link is forbidden

Installing Ubuntu Desktop Apps

The first thing you need to do, after installing WSL and Ubuntu, is to add an X Window server to Windows. The one I used was Xming X Server for Windows. Ubuntu on Windows doesn't currently come with a native X server or Ubuntu's own X replacement, Mir. Xming is a Linux cross-compiled server based on the X.org code for Microsoft Windows. It's meant primarily to securely run, via ssh, remote Linux and Unix X Window applications, but it works fine as a local X server as well.

Next, you'll need to get WSL and Ubuntu running. Once up, you must update Ubuntu's Advanced Packaging Tool (APT) repositories. You do this with the Bash shell command:

apt-get update

Since Ubuntu on WSL automatically runs as root, you don't need to add sudo to the command for it to run.

Once the repositories are up to date, you can install a Linux GUI application. I, and others, have chosen to install Firefox. You can try any application that doesn't require support from a specific Linux GUI toolkit such as GTK+, Tck/Tk, or Qt. Of course, you can always try installing these as well and then applications based on them on WSL, but that's getting ahead of ourselves. First, let's walk, then we can run.

To install Firefox run the Bash command:

apt-get install firefox

Once Firefox has been installed you run it with the Bash command:

DISPLAY=:0 firefox

Then, if all's done well, congratulations, you'll be running a Linux desktop app on the Windows desktop.

To launch vim-gtk, you’d run: 

 DISPLAY=:0 gvim

It probably won't be running well. After all you're running a graphical program on a beta platform that's not meant to run software with a graphical user interface. The results are messy. Firefox crashed quite often on me, and I'm not the only one. The only Linux desktop application I currently have running consistently is theVim text edtior.

These programs aren't going to be that fast even when they do run. That's because the X server isn't buffering or directly rendering the graphics. The X11 protocol is, after all, a networking protocol for graphics. It's been used for graphics on Unix and Linux for ages, but without help it's not efficient for graphics. Hence, the rise of Wayland as an X Window server replacement.

Canonical, which supports Mir for a display server, in any case, isn't going to help with bringing graphical programs to WSL anytime soon. Dustin Kirkland, a member of Canonical's Ubuntu Product and Strategy executive team, told me that the presence of these unsupported Linux apps goes to show "the power of open source communities!" That said, Kirkland continued, "Canonical and Microsoft are currently focused on the command line and developer tools in Ubuntu on Windows."

So, it will be up to users to bring full Linux desktop apps and eventually Linux desktops to Ubuntu on Windows. It will happen. I have faith in open-source hackers. And, one programmer has already managed to get the xfce Linux desktop running on Windows 10 using cygwin. Getting more Linux graphical programs running on WSL is just a matter of time.